The Ultimate Guide to 1,4-Butanediol: Applications, Types, and More
1,4-Butanediol, commonly known as BDO, is a versatile chemical compound widely used in various industrial applications. It is prized for its properties as a solvent and its role in the manufacturing of plastics, elastic fibers, adhesives, and specialty chemicals. With a purity range of 99.5%–99.8%, BDO stands out as a high-purity option for professionals in controlled environments. This guide aims to provide an in-depth understanding of 1,4-Butanediol, exploring its applications, specifications, and key characteristics, thus surpassing existing resources.
Applications of 1,4-Butanediol
| Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Solvent | Used in various industries for dissolving substances, enhancing chemical reactions, and serving as an industrial cleaner. |
| Plastics | Integral in the production of plastics, including polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyurethane (PU). |
| Elastic Fibers | Utilized in making elastic fibers like spandex, contributing to the textile industry. |
| Adhesives | Acts as a crucial ingredient in formulating effective adhesives for various applications. |
| Chemical Intermediary | Serves as a precursor in producing other important chemicals, including tetrahydrofuran (THF). |
| Household Products | Commonly found in cleaning products, paint thinners, and plasticizers. |
| Pharmaceuticals | Used in the synthesis of drugs and as a replacement for substances like GHB and GBL. |
| Industrial Cleaners | Effective in formulating industrial-grade cleaning agents and glue removers. |
Types of 1,4-Butanediol
1,4-Butanediol is categorized based on purity levels and intended applications. Below are the main types available in the market:
| Type | Purity | Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| Industrial Grade | 99.5% – 99.8% | Suitable for manufacturing and industrial applications. |
| Pharmaceutical Grade | 99% – 99.5% | Used in drug formulation and research applications. |
| Research Grade | 99% or higher | Designed for laboratory use and chemical analysis. |
| Technical Grade | Variable | Used in less critical applications, often at lower cost. |
Properties of 1,4-Butanediol
1,4-Butanediol is notable for its chemical and physical properties that make it suitable for a variety of industrial applications:
- Chemical Formula: C4H10O2
- Molecular Weight: 90.12 g/mol
- CAS Number: 110-63-4
- Appearance: Colorless liquid
- Boiling Point: 245 °C
- Solubility: Miscible with water and many organic solvents
Uses in Industry
Manufacturing
1,4-Butanediol is a cornerstone in the manufacturing of various products. It is predominantly used in:
- Plastics: BDO is essential for producing thermoplastic polyurethanes and polybutylene terephthalate, which are vital in numerous products ranging from automotive components to textiles.
- Adhesives: Its ability to enhance adhesive properties makes BDO a favored choice in the formulation of industrial adhesives.
Pharmaceuticals
The pharmaceutical industry utilizes BDO for its unique properties:
- Synthesis: BDO serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of drugs and other complex chemical compounds.
- Substitutes: It is often used as a safe alternative to substances like GHB in specific medicinal applications.
Technical Features Comparison
| Feature | Qual-Chem | Fisher Scientific | GBL Chemicals | A1 Researchers | StreetFarma | Carolina Chemical | MilliporeSigma | ECHEMI | Interphamachem | Cannabinoid Sales |
|—————————|——————|———————–|——————–|——————-|——————-|———————–|———————|———————|————————|
| Purity | 99.5% – 99.8% | 99% | 99% | 99% | 99% | 99.5% | 99% | 99% | 99% |
| Main Applications | Solvent, Plastics | Solvent, Intermediary | Solvent, Cleaner | Pharmaceuticals | Industrial, Recreational | Solvent, Adhesive | Research, Synthesis | Industrial, Research | Research, Synthesis |
| Shipping Options | Domestic only | Worldwide | Domestic only | Domestic only | Domestic only | Domestic only | Worldwide | Worldwide | Worldwide |
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Conclusion
1,4-Butanediol is a critical component in various industrial applications ranging from plastics manufacturing to pharmaceutical synthesis. Its versatility as a solvent and chemical intermediary makes it indispensable in numerous fields. With a focus on purity and performance, BDO continues to be a favored choice among professionals. As industries evolve, the demand for high-quality 1,4-butanediol is expected to grow, making it essential for suppliers to maintain rigorous standards.
FAQ
What is 1,4-Butanediol used for?
1,4-Butanediol is used primarily as a solvent in the chemical industry, and it plays a vital role in manufacturing plastics, elastic fibers, adhesives, and specialty chemicals.
What is the chemical formula for 1,4-Butanediol?
The chemical formula for 1,4-Butanediol is C4H10O2, with a molecular weight of 90.12 g/mol.
Is 1,4-Butanediol safe for use?
1,4-Butanediol is intended for use by trained professionals in controlled environments. It should be handled with proper safety precautions, as it can have health impacts if ingested or improperly handled.
How is 1,4-Butanediol produced?
1,4-Butanediol is typically produced through the hydrogenation of maleic anhydride or from the dehydration of sugars.
What are the purity levels of 1,4-Butanediol available?
1,4-Butanediol is commonly available in purity levels ranging from 99% to 99.8%, depending on its intended use.
Can 1,4-Butanediol be used in pharmaceuticals?
Yes, 1,4-Butanediol is often used in the pharmaceutical industry as a solvent and an intermediate in drug synthesis.
Where can I buy 1,4-Butanediol?
You can purchase 1,4-Butanediol from various suppliers, including qual-chem.com, fisher scientific, and others that specialize in chemicals.
What is the difference between 1,4-Butanediol and GBL?
1,4-Butanediol and GBL (gamma-butyrolactone) are related compounds, but BDO is a primary alcohol, while GBL is a lactone. BDO can be converted to GBL in the body.
Is there a risk of recreational use of 1,4-Butanediol?
Yes, 1,4-Butanediol can convert to GHB in the body, which has led to its misuse as a recreational drug, raising safety concerns.
What industries use 1,4-Butanediol?
1,4-Butanediol is widely used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, and manufacturing industries.
