The Ultimate Guide to the 20B Rotary Engine: Specs, Performance, and Applications
The 20B rotary engine, often revered by automotive enthusiasts, is a powerful machine known for its unique design and exceptional performance. Developed by Mazda, this three-rotor engine has become a favorite among racers and car collectors alike. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the specifications, applications, and various configurations of the 20B rotary engine, providing insights that will help you understand why it has garnered such a dedicated following.
Comparison of 20B Rotary Engine Types and Applications
| Engine Type | Configuration | Power Output | Applications | Notable Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20B-REW | 3-Rotor | 300 HP | Mazda Eunos Cosmo | Twin-sequential turbo system |
| 20B Billet Engine | 3-Rotor | 700+ HP | Racing, high-performance applications | Enhanced strength and reliability |
| 20B Rotary (Custom) | Modified 3-Rotor | 1000+ HP | Drag racing, custom builds | Custom porting, optimized for specific setups |
| 20B Rotary (Stock) | 3-Rotor | 280 HP | Street use, classic restoration | Original factory specifications |
History of the 20B Rotary Engine
The 20B engine debuted in the early 1990s with the Mazda Eunos Cosmo, marking a significant evolution in rotary engine technology. Designed to provide improved torque and efficiency, the 20B engine utilized a twin-sequential turbo system, which was revolutionary at its inception. This system allowed the engine to deliver power smoothly across a wide RPM range, making it suitable for various applications, from street driving to competitive racing.
Technical Specifications
Understanding the technical specifications of the 20B rotary engine is crucial for enthusiasts and builders alike. The 20B features a unique three-rotor design, which allows it to achieve high power outputs while maintaining a compact size.
Key Specifications
- Displacement: 2.0 liters (1998 cc)
- Power Output: Ranges from 280 HP to over 1400 HP in modified configurations
- Torque: Approximately 300 Nm
- Bore x Stroke: 2 x 2.6 inches
- Compression Ratio: 8.0:1 (stock configuration)
These specifications contribute to the 20B’s distinct character, making it an outstanding choice for performance applications, as seen with offerings from companies such as Pettit Racing and SR Motorsports.
Applications of the 20B Rotary Engine
The versatility of the 20B rotary engine allows it to be used in various applications, from daily drivers to high-performance racing machines. Below are some common applications of the 20B engine.
Street Performance
The 20B-REW engine is often found in the Mazda Eunos Cosmo, providing a unique blend of luxury and performance. Its smooth operation and ample power make it an appealing choice for enthusiasts wanting a one-of-a-kind driving experience.
Racing
The 20B is a popular choice in motorsport due to its lightweight design and high power potential. Companies like PAC Performance have developed specialized racing components, such as billet center plates that enhance reliability and performance under extreme conditions.
Custom Builds
Many automotive enthusiasts opt for custom builds utilizing the 20B rotary engine. This allows for extensive modifications and tuning, enabling power outputs exceeding 1000 HP. Shops like JDM West Coast and JDM Racing Motors offer various parts and services to facilitate these custom setups.
Performance Tuning and Modifications
Tuning the 20B rotary engine can significantly enhance its performance. Here are some common modifications:
Porting
Custom porting can improve airflow and increase power output. Different porting styles can be employed depending on the desired performance characteristics, whether for street use or drag racing.
Turbocharging
While the stock 20B features a twin-sequential turbo system, aftermarket upgrades can push power levels even higher. Tuners often replace stock turbos with larger units to increase boost pressure and overall performance.
Engine Management
Utilizing advanced engine management systems allows for fine-tuning of fuel maps and ignition timing, which is essential for maximizing the potential of modified engines.
Maintenance and Reliability
Maintaining a 20B rotary engine requires understanding its unique characteristics. Regular maintenance is essential to ensure reliability, especially in high-performance applications.
Common Maintenance Practices
- Oil Changes: Regular oil changes with quality synthetic oil to ensure optimal lubrication and cooling.
- Cooling System Checks: The rotary engine runs hotter than traditional piston engines, so keeping the cooling system in check is vital.
- Seal Inspections: Rotary engines are known for apex seal wear; regular inspections will help identify issues early.
Engines like the 20B can be rebuilt or refreshed by specialized shops such as Pettit Racing, which offer thorough inspections and rebuild services.
Technical Features Comparison
| Feature | 20B-REW | 20B Billet Engine | 20B Custom Build |
|---|---|---|---|
| Power Output | 300 HP | 700+ HP | 1000+ HP |
| Turbo System | Twin Sequential | Customizable | Customizable |
| Engine Weight | 200 lbs | 180 lbs | Variable |
| Applications | Street, Racing | Racing Only | Street, Racing, Custom |
| Maintenance Needs | Moderate | High | High |
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Conclusion
The 20B rotary engine stands out as a remarkable piece of engineering with a rich history and extensive applications. From its origins in the Mazda Eunos Cosmo to its current status as a favorite among racing enthusiasts, the 20B continues to captivate automotive aficionados. Whether you’re considering a stock engine for street use or a fully customized powerhouse for racing, the 20B offers unparalleled performance and potential.
FAQ
What is the 20B rotary engine?
The 20B rotary engine is a three-rotor engine designed by Mazda, known for its unique rotary design and high power output, typically found in the Mazda Eunos Cosmo.
What applications is the 20B engine suitable for?
The 20B engine is suitable for various applications, including street performance, racing, and custom builds.
How much power can a modified 20B engine produce?
A modified 20B engine can produce over 1000 HP, depending on the enhancements made, such as upgraded turbos and custom porting.
What are the maintenance requirements for a 20B engine?
Regular oil changes, cooling system checks, and apex seal inspections are crucial for maintaining a 20B rotary engine.
Where can I find 20B rotary engines for sale?
20B engines can be found at specialized retailers like JDM West Coast and Best Buy, as well as through custom builders like Pettit Racing.
What is the difference between a stock and a custom 20B engine?
A stock 20B engine is designed for reliability and efficiency, while a custom 20B engine is modified for enhanced performance, often featuring upgrades like larger turbos and custom tuning.
Are there any common issues with the 20B engine?
Common issues include apex seal wear and overheating, which can be mitigated with regular maintenance and inspections.
How does the 20B compare to other rotary engines?
The 20B offers higher power and torque compared to its two-rotor counterparts, like the 13B, due to its larger displacement and unique design.
What are the notable features of the 20B engine?
Notable features of the 20B include a twin-sequential turbo system, compact size, and high power-to-weight ratio, making it ideal for performance applications.
Can I rebuild a 20B engine?
Yes, the 20B engine can be rebuilt, and many specialized shops like Pettit Racing offer rebuild services to restore or enhance performance.
