Comprehensive Guide to Diethyl Ether: Properties, Uses, and Safety
Diethyl ether, commonly referred to as ether, is a highly volatile, colorless liquid with distinct properties and applications in various industries, particularly in laboratories and chemical synthesis. This guide will explore the different types of diethyl ether, its applications, safety considerations, and a comparison of various technical features available from top suppliers.
Comparison of Diethyl Ether Types and Applications
| Type of Diethyl Ether | Purity Level | Common Applications | Suppliers |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diethyl Ether ACS Grade | ≥99% | Solvent in organic reactions | www.laballey.com, carolinachemical.com |
| Anhydrous Diethyl Ether | ≥99% | Extraction and distillation | www.sigmaaldrich.com, www.thomassci.com |
| Stabilized Diethyl Ether | ≥99% (BHT) | Anesthetic, solvent for fats | www.fishersci.com, www.avantorsciences.com |
| Diethyl Ether (Extra Pure) | +99% | Laboratory uses, chemical synthesis | www.thermofisher.com, www.fishersci.ca |
Properties of Diethyl Ether
Diethyl ether has a unique chemical structure that contributes to its properties:
Physical Properties
- Molecular Formula: C4H10O
- Molecular Weight: 74.12 g/mol
- Boiling Point: 34.6°C (94.28°F)
- Melting Point: -116.3°C (-177.34°F)
- Density: 0.713 g/cm³ at 20°C (68°F)
Chemical Properties
- Flammability: Highly flammable; forms explosive mixtures with air.
- Solubility: Soluble in water and polar solvents; excellent solvent for non-polar compounds.
- Reactivity: Can react with strong oxidizers and acids.
Applications of Diethyl Ether
Diethyl ether is versatile and finds extensive use in various fields:
Laboratory Use
Diethyl ether is predominantly used as a solvent in laboratories for extractions, purifications, and chemical reactions. Its low boiling point allows for easy evaporation, making it ideal for separating compounds.
Pharmaceutical Applications
In the pharmaceutical industry, diethyl ether is utilized in the synthesis of various drugs and as an anesthetic agent in certain medical procedures. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic compounds is invaluable in drug formulation.
Industrial Use
Industrially, diethyl ether is used in the manufacture of various chemicals, including but not limited to, ethyl cellulose and other derivatives. It serves as a solvent for fats, oils, and resins in various production processes.
Safety Considerations
Handling and Storage
When handling diethyl ether, it is crucial to follow safety protocols due to its highly flammable nature. Store in a cool, dry place away from heat sources and oxidizers. Ensure proper ventilation when using diethyl ether in confined spaces.
Health Hazards
Diethyl ether can pose health risks, including:
- Inhalation: May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
- Skin Contact: Can cause irritation; prolonged exposure may lead to dermatitis.
- Eye Contact: Causes serious eye irritation; immediate flushing with water is essential.
Technical Features Comparison of Diethyl Ether
| Feature | Diethyl Ether ACS Grade | Anhydrous Diethyl Ether | Stabilized Diethyl Ether | Extra Pure Diethyl Ether |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Purity Level | ≥99% | ≥99% | ≥99% (with BHT) | +99% |
| CAS Number | 60-29-7 | 60-29-7 | 60-29-7 | 60-29-7 |
| Packaging Options | Varies per supplier | Varies per supplier | Varies per supplier | Varies per supplier |
| Price Range | $19.00 – $324.00 | Varies | Varies | $158.30 |
| Regulatory Compliance | ACS Specifications | ACS Specifications | ACS Specifications | ACS Specifications |
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Conclusion
Diethyl ether is a crucial solvent in both laboratory and industrial settings, known for its versatility and effectiveness in various applications. Understanding its properties, safety considerations, and applications is vital for anyone working with this chemical. Suppliers like www.laballey.com, carolinachemical.com, www.fishersci.com, and others provide various grades of diethyl ether to suit different needs.
FAQ
What is diethyl ether used for?
Diethyl ether is primarily used as a solvent in laboratories for chemical reactions and extractions, as well as in the pharmaceutical industry for drug synthesis and as an anesthetic.
Is diethyl ether flammable?
Yes, diethyl ether is extremely flammable and can form explosive mixtures with air.
What precautions should be taken when handling diethyl ether?
Always work in a well-ventilated area, away from heat sources and oxidizers, and use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).
Can diethyl ether be stored at room temperature?
Diethyl ether should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from heat sources to prevent ignition.
How does diethyl ether affect health?
Inhalation can cause dizziness or drowsiness, skin contact may lead to irritation, and it can cause serious eye irritation.
What is the molecular formula of diethyl ether?
The molecular formula of diethyl ether is C4H10O.
Where can I purchase diethyl ether?
Diethyl ether can be purchased from various suppliers including www.laballey.com, carolinachemical.com, and www.sigmaaldrich.com.
What is the boiling point of diethyl ether?
The boiling point of diethyl ether is approximately 34.6°C (94.28°F).
Is diethyl ether stable?
Diethyl ether is relatively stable but can form peroxides upon prolonged exposure to air and light, especially in its anhydrous form.
What are the common types of diethyl ether available?
Common types include ACS grade, anhydrous, and stabilized diethyl ether, each serving different applications and purity levels.
