The Ultimate Guide to Acetaldehyde: Properties, Uses, and Applications
Acetaldehyde, a colorless liquid with a sharp odor, is a vital organic chemical used in various industries. Known chemically as ethanal and with the CAS number 75-07-0, it serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of numerous chemicals and compounds. From the production of pharmaceuticals and flavoring agents to its application in the manufacturing of plastics and rubber, acetaldehyde is a versatile compound. This guide will delve into the various types of acetaldehyde available, their applications, and the technical specifications that make them suitable for different uses.
Comparison of Acetaldehyde Types and Applications
| Type of Acetaldehyde | Purity/Specification | Key Applications | Source Domain |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acetaldehyde, 99% | 99% | Drugs, perfumes, varnishes | www.fishersci.com |
| Acetaldehyde, 99.5% | Extra pure | Solvent for rubber, leather tanning | www.fishersci.com |
| Acetaldehyde ACS reagent | ≥ 99.5% | Laboratory research, chemical synthesis | www.sigmaaldrich.com |
| Certified Acetaldehyde | Varies | Research applications | www.fishersci.com |
| Acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal | 97-100% | Flavoring agent, industrial application | www.thomasnet.com |
| Phenylacetaldehyde | 97-100% | Fragrance production | www.guidechem.com |
| Acetaldehyde Natural | 97-100% | Food and beverage applications | www.echemi.com |
| Acetaldehyde Suppliers | Varies | Bulk industrial use | www.americanchemicalsuppliers.com |
Understanding Acetaldehyde
Chemical Properties
Acetaldehyde is an organic compound with the molecular formula C₂H₄O. It has a boiling point of 20.2°C and a melting point of −123.5°C. This compound is highly soluble in water and exhibits a low vapor pressure. Its reactivity is attributed to the presence of the aldehyde functional group, making it a crucial building block in organic synthesis.
Sources and Production
Acetaldehyde is primarily produced through the oxidation of ethylene, a process that can be catalyzed by various metal oxides. Additionally, it can be obtained via fermentation processes, which contribute to its natural occurrence in fruits and beverages. The industrial production of acetaldehyde is significant, with large-scale manufacturing facilities operating globally.
Applications of Acetaldehyde
Industrial Uses
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Chemical Manufacturing: Acetaldehyde acts as an intermediate for synthesizing various chemicals, including acetic acid, ethyl acetate, and acetic anhydride. These products are essential in producing plastics, solvents, and food additives.
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Pharmaceuticals: The compound is used to manufacture drugs and is vital in the production of various pharmaceutical intermediates.
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Flavoring and Fragrance: Acetaldehyde is a key ingredient in flavoring agents and perfumes, providing a fruity note that enhances the sensory profile of products.
Agricultural Applications
Acetaldehyde finds use in agricultural chemicals, particularly in the synthesis of herbicides and insecticides, contributing to crop protection and yield enhancement.
Food and Beverage Industry
In the food industry, acetaldehyde serves as a flavoring agent, particularly in beverages and processed foods. Its natural occurrence in fruits enhances its acceptance in food applications.
Technical Comparison of Acetaldehyde
| Feature | Acetaldehyde, 99% | Acetaldehyde, 99.5% | ACS Reagent | Certified |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Purity | 99% | 99.5% | ≥ 99.5% | Varies |
| Physical State | Liquid | Liquid | Liquid | Liquid |
| Odor | Sharp, fruity | Sharp, fruity | Sharp | Fruity |
| Solubility in Water | High | High | High | High |
| Flash Point | 16.5°C | 16.5°C | 16.5°C | 16.5°C |
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Conclusion
Acetaldehyde is a crucial organic compound with diverse applications across various industries, from chemical manufacturing to food and beverages. Understanding its properties, production methods, and uses is essential for industries relying on this versatile chemical. As a key intermediate in the synthesis of other important compounds, acetaldehyde continues to play a significant role in both industrial and laboratory settings.
FAQ
What is acetaldehyde used for?
Acetaldehyde is used in the production of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, flavoring agents, and in the food and beverage industry as a preservative and flavor enhancer.
Is acetaldehyde safe to use?
While acetaldehyde is widely used, it is a volatile organic compound and should be handled with care. Proper safety measures must be taken to avoid inhalation or skin contact.
Where can I buy acetaldehyde?
Acetaldehyde can be purchased from various suppliers, including www.fishersci.com, www.sigmaaldrich.com, and www.echemi.com.
What are the health effects of acetaldehyde?
Acetaldehyde exposure can lead to irritation of the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Long-term exposure may have more severe health implications.
How is acetaldehyde produced?
Acetaldehyde is primarily produced through the oxidation of ethylene or via fermentation processes used in the production of alcoholic beverages.
What are the main properties of acetaldehyde?
Acetaldehyde is a colorless liquid with a sharp odor, a boiling point of 20.2°C, and high solubility in water.
Can acetaldehyde be used in food products?
Yes, acetaldehyde is utilized as a flavoring agent and is present naturally in various fruits and beverages.
What is the chemical formula of acetaldehyde?
The chemical formula of acetaldehyde is C₂H₄O, and it is also known as ethanal.
Is acetaldehyde flammable?
Yes, acetaldehyde is flammable and has a flash point of approximately 16.5°C, requiring careful handling and storage.
What industries use acetaldehyde?
Acetaldehyde is employed in pharmaceuticals, chemical manufacturing, food and beverage, and agriculture, making it a versatile compound across multiple sectors.