The Ultimate Guide to Gallium Metal: Properties, Applications, and Where to Buy
Gallium metal, known for its unique properties and increasing significance in high-tech industries, is gaining popularity among researchers, innovators, and hobbyists alike. This soft, silvery-blue metal is not only fascinating but also plays a crucial role in the production of semiconductors, LEDs, and solar panels. In this guide, we will explore the various types of gallium, its applications, and where you can purchase it, including insights into pricing and purity levels.
| Type of Gallium | Purity Level | Common Applications | Physical Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gallium Metal | 99.99% (4N) | LEDs, Semiconductors | Melting Point: 29.7°C |
| Gallium Arsenide | 99.9999% (6N) | High-Frequency Electronics | Density: 5.91 g/cm³ |
| Gallium Nitride | 99.99% (4N) | Blue LEDs, Laser Diodes | Mohs Hardness: 1.5 |
| Gallium Pellets | 99.99% (4N) | Research, Education | Atomic Number: 31 |
What is Gallium Metal?
Gallium is a post-transition metal that remains solid just above room temperature and melts at approximately 29.7°C (86°F). Its unique characteristic of being liquid near ambient temperatures sets it apart from other metals. Gallium does not occur in a free state in nature but is extracted mainly from aluminum ore.
Properties of Gallium
Gallium has several noteworthy physical and chemical properties:
- Softness: It can be easily cut with a knife.
- Non-toxic: Unlike mercury, gallium is safe to handle, though prolonged skin contact should be avoided.
- High Purity: Gallium can be refined to high levels of purity (up to 99.9999%).
- Thermal and Electrical Conductivity: These properties make gallium highly sought after in electronic applications.
Applications of Gallium
Gallium’s applications are diverse and increasingly vital in modern technology:
1. Semiconductors
Gallium is an essential component in semiconductor technology. Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is widely used in high-frequency electronics and solar cells due to its efficiency in converting sunlight into electricity.
2. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
Gallium nitride (GaN) is a key material in the production of blue and green LEDs. The versatility of gallium allows it to emit various colors when alloyed with other elements.
3. Solar Panels
The demand for renewable energy technologies has driven gallium’s use in solar panels, particularly in thin-film solar cells.
4. Research and Development
Gallium’s unique properties make it a favorite among researchers in materials science and physics, where it is often used in experiments and demonstrations.
Pricing of Gallium Metal
The price of gallium metal fluctuates based on purity, global demand, and market conditions. As of the latest reports, the price for 99.99% pure gallium is approximately $550/kg. Suppliers like Gallant Metals and Luciteria offer various pricing options based on quantity and purity.
Buying Gallium: Where to Find It
If you’re looking to purchase gallium metal, several reputable suppliers offer a range of options:
- Luciteria: Known for their artistic approach, they provide gallium in several forms, including ampules.
- RotoMetals: Offers various quantities of high-purity gallium, catering to both industrial and educational needs.
- Gallant Metals: A reliable source for current prices and availability, focusing on high-tech applications.
- NovaElements: Sells gallium in melted pellets, ideal for research and experiments.
- Strategic Metal Investments: Provides insights on gallium supply and market trends.
Technical Features of Gallium Metal
| Feature | Value |
|---|---|
| Atomic Number | 31 |
| Atomic Weight | 69.723 |
| Melting Point | 29.76 °C |
| Density | 5.91 g/cm³ |
| Mohs Hardness | 1.5 |
| Crystal Structure | Orthorhombic |
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Conclusion
Gallium metal is a remarkable element with unique properties and a vital role in technology. Its applications span from semiconductors to renewable energy solutions, making it increasingly important in today’s high-tech landscape. With growing demand and various suppliers available, finding high-purity gallium for your needs is more accessible than ever.
FAQ
What is gallium metal used for?
Gallium is primarily used in the production of semiconductors, LEDs, and solar panels, making it essential for various high-tech applications.
Is gallium safe to handle?
Yes, gallium is considered safe to handle, unlike mercury. However, it is advisable to avoid prolonged skin contact and eye contact.
Where can I buy gallium metal?
Gallium can be purchased from various suppliers, including Luciteria, RotoMetals, and Gallant Metals.
What is the current price of gallium?
As of now, the price for 99.99% pure gallium is approximately $550/kg, though this can fluctuate based on market conditions.
What are the properties of gallium?
Gallium is soft, has a low melting point, and is non-toxic. Its high purity levels make it suitable for various advanced applications.
How is gallium extracted?
Gallium is primarily extracted from aluminum ore through refining processes associated with aluminum production.
Can gallium be alloyed?
Yes, gallium can be alloyed with other elements, such as arsenide and nitride, to enhance its properties for specific applications.
What is gallium arsenide?
Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a compound used in high-frequency electronics and solar cells, valued for its efficiency.
What is gallium nitride used for?
Gallium nitride (GaN) is used in the production of blue and green LEDs, as well as in high-power and high-frequency electronic devices.
What are the environmental impacts of gallium production?
Gallium production primarily involves refining aluminum ore, which can have environmental impacts. However, gallium itself is considered relatively benign compared to other metals like mercury.
