Plate making in China is a fascinating blend of tradition and innovation, reflecting the country’s rich cultural heritage and advanced manufacturing techniques. This guide delves into the intricate processes involved in plate production, showcasing the craftsmanship that has evolved over centuries.
Readers can expect to explore various methods of plate making, from hand-crafted techniques to modern industrial practices. We will also highlight the materials used, the significance of design, and the impact of technology on this age-old art form.
By the end of this guide, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of the plate making industry in China. Whether you are an enthusiast, a student, or a professional, this exploration will deepen your appreciation for the artistry and skill involved in creating these everyday objects.
The Art of Plate Making: A Comprehensive Guide to Bone China
Have you ever wondered how bone China is made? How could a pile of kaolin and ashes develop the beautiful mugs and plates we use every day? Bone China is often considered a luxurious tableware material, renowned for its strength and translucency. In this guide, we will delve into the intricate process of plate making, focusing on bone China, its technical features, and the various types available in the market.
The Bone China Making Process
The manufacturing of bone China involves several stages, each requiring skill and precision. Here are the eight main steps in the process:
- Clay Making
- Mould Making and Forming
- Biscuit Firing
- Glazing
- Glaze Firing
- Decorating
- Decoration Firing
- Packing
Technical Features of Bone China
Bone China is unique due to its high bone ash content and the two-firing technique used in its production. Below is a comparison table highlighting the technical features of bone China against other types of porcelain.
| Feature | Bone China | Porcelain | Earthenware |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bone Ash Content | 30-50% | None | None |
| Firing Temperature | 1200-1300°C (Biscuit) | 1200-1400°C | 1000-1150°C |
| Translucency | High | Moderate | Low |
| Durability | Very High | High | Moderate |
| Whiteness | Exceptional | Good | Fair |
| Cost | High | Moderate | Low |
Types of Bone China
Bone China comes in various types, each characterized by different compositions and manufacturing methods. Below is a comparison table of the different types of bone China:
| Type | Composition | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Fine Bone China | 40-45% Bone Ash, Kaolin, Feldspar | Highly translucent and strong |
| Soft-Paste Bone China | Lower bone ash content (25-30%) | Less durable, softer appearance |
| Hard-Paste Bone China | Higher content of feldspar | More durable, less translucent |
| Recycled Bone China | Ground-up previous products mixed with new clay | Eco-friendly, retains strength and beauty |
Step-by-Step Process of Making Bone China Plates
1. Clay Making
The first step is mixing raw materials like kaolin, bone ash, lime, and feldspar with water to create a slurry. The mixture is blended for about 24 hours and then sieved to remove impurities.
2. Mould Making and Forming
Once the clay is prepared, it’s cast into molds. The molds can be made through high-pressure casting or jiggering. The method chosen depends on the desired shape of the product.
3. Biscuit Firing
After the pieces are formed and dried, they undergo the first firing, known as biscuit firing. This process takes place at temperatures of 1200 to 1300°C for over 15 hours, making the products durable and ready for glazing.
4. Glazing
Once the biscuit ware is cooled, it is coated with a glaze that acts as a protective layer. The glazing can be done through spraying or dipping, ensuring an even coat over the piece.
5. Glaze Firing
After glazing, the pieces are fired again at around 1000-1200°C. This second firing allows the glaze to melt and fuse with the China, enhancing its strength and appearance.
6. Decorating
After glaze firing, the bone China can be decorated using various methods like decals, hand painting, or gilding. The choice of decoration adds a personal touch to each piece.
7. Decoration Firing
Once decorated, the pieces undergo another firing at lower temperatures to set the designs permanently.
8. Packing
Finally, the bone China products are inspected for quality, carefully packed, and prepared for shipment to retailers or customers.
Conclusion
The process of making bone China plates is a blend of artistry and craftsmanship. Each step, from the initial mixing of raw materials to the final firing and packing, reflects a dedication to quality and tradition. Whether it’s a fine dining experience or a casual meal, bone China adds elegance and durability to the table.
Bone China is not just about beauty; it embodies a rich history and a commitment to sustainability, as seen in practices that recycle materials into new products. With its unique characteristics and various types, bone China remains a sought-after choice for tableware across the globe.
FAQs
1. What is bone China made of?
Bone China is primarily made from bone ash, kaolin, feldspar, and other materials. The bone ash typically constitutes about 30-50% of the mixture.
2. How is bone China different from porcelain?
Bone China contains bone ash, which gives it a higher translucency and strength compared to porcelain, which does not include bone ash.
3. Can bone China be used in the microwave?
Yes, most bone China products are microwave-safe, but it’s essential to check the manufacturer’s guidelines.
4. How should I care for bone China?
Bone China should be washed with mild detergents and non-abrasive sponges. It is generally dishwasher safe, but hand washing is recommended for delicate pieces.
5. Where can I buy quality bone China?
Quality bone China can be purchased from specialized retailers, online stores like luxuryboneChina.com, or local artisan shops featured on platforms like www.atlasobscura.com.